The Plant List includes a further 4,394 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the family Euphorbiaceae. Fresh leaf juice is useful in arthritis and scabies. Stem usually much-branched at the top, stem-leaves alternate, shortly stalked, obovate or spathulate, 1.3-5.0 cm long, lower ones smaller, tip finely toothed. The Euphorbiaceae of Cental Malesia (Celebes, Moluccas, Lesser Sunda Is.). Medicinal Uses: The fresh plant is considered vulnerary and galactagogue; used in ophthalmia and other eye troubles, ardor, sores, atrophy, dysentery and breast pain. Database on reference specimens for medicinal plants of the Euphorbiaceae family, conserved at the CNARP herbarium. A large variety occurs in tropical Africa, but they are not as abundant or varied as in these two other tropical regions. The spurge family takes its name from the genus Euphorbia that includes many choice succulent plants of interest to the collector. The result of the survey in Ardawata village is show that various diseases are treated by herbal remedies. Prain, D. Bengal Plants. Juss., Jatropha gossypifolia L., Jatropha curcas L., Manihot esculenta L., Ricinus communis L. were common and Acalypha hispida Burm. Charles, C. D., Maribeth, L., Daniel, L. N., Kenneth, J. W., David, A. Login; Hi, User . Male flowers, with short stalks, in rounded axillary clusters, female flowers 1-3 in leaf axil. Chemical constituents: Antidesma roxburahie Pharmacological activity: Puangpronpitag D, et al. Taxonomic description: A much-branched, evergreen shrub, up to 1.5 m tall, twigs pale brownish-grey, young parts evenly pubescent to subglabrous. A total of 16 species under 8 genera belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae were collected and identified. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. Rahman, A.H.M. Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, in common English sometimes called "euphorbias", which is also the name of a genus in the family, is a large family of flowering plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species. Leaves are laxative and antiparasiticide; ground with common salt or quicklime or lime juice applied externally in scabies. The Euphorbiaceae, or spurge, family contains around 7,000 species in 218 genera, comprising herbaceous annuals and perennials, woody shrubs and trees, plus a few climbers. Members of the family known for beauty or usefulness include Euphorbia, commonly called spurge, which comprises a wide range of succulent plants, from lawn weeds to cactuslike plants and poinsettias; … Euphorbiaceae. Medicinal uses: Cassava root has been promoted as a treatment for bladder and prostate cancer. Taxonomic description: A large deciduous shrub with sucullent stem. Leaf, stem, bark, root, flower even whole plant also used to make remedy. Recent molecular studies have shown that the enigmatic family Rafflesiaceae, which was only recently recognized to belong to order Malpighiales, is derived from within Euphorbiaceae [2]. The authors are grateful to the local people of Rajshahi city for their co-operation and help during the research work. Taxonomic description: A small, slender, annual prostrate herb, more or less hispidly pubescent. Ahmed, Z. U., Begum, Z. N. T., Hassan, M. A., Khondker, M., Kabir, S. M. H., Ahmad, M., Ahmed, A. T. A., Rahman, A. K. A., Haque, E. U. Angiospermic flora of Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Format), Citation-(EndNote Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. It has pendant branches and dark grey bark having horizontal lenticels. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The stem-juice in nostri-ls to cure headache. Taxonomic description: A much-branched woody herb, 20-50 cm tall, branches moderately stellate-hairy to subglabrous. Others are useful for their waxes and oils and as a source of medicinal drugs; dangerous for their poisonous fruits, leaves, or sap; or attractive for their colourful bracts… The flowers are typically unisexual and are borne in a characteristic cluster known as a cyathia. Latex in the roots is more poisonous than in other parts of the plant. However, they are poor in protein and other nutrients. Seeds compressed, ovoid-ellipsoid, pale grayish-brown. Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) and Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera) are invasive weeds in North America. The most easily confused plants with cacti are the xeric adapted plants of the Euphorbiaceae family. Fruit 2.5 cm long, ovoid. The following is a list of some of the major genera and species in Euphorbiaceae, arranged alphabetically by common name. This family occurs mainly in the tropics, with the majority of the species in the Indo-Malayan region and tropical America. A sum of 8 medicinal plants from Euphorbiaceae family was reported as being used to cure human being and other animal’s ailments. The Seeds cause insanity and act as an emetic. Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a w ide v arie ty of vegetativ e forms some of which are plants of great importan ce. Male inflorescence 15-35 cm long,bract minute. The latex of spurge has been used as a laxative. The extract of this plant has sedative effect on the mucous membrane of the respiratory and genito-urinary tract and on cardiovascular system. 1-7. Flowers 7.5 mm across, yellowish-green, in loose, axillary, cymose panicles, 5-12.5 cm long. Even today, many Euphorbiaceae plant concoctions, fresh latex and teas are used in … 1. Kew Botanical Gardens, Richmond. Medicinal Uses: The sap is toxic and can cause skin eczema in some people. The root is used as a vesicant. Most of the appeal comes from the leaf color. Box wood: Box wood ;s obtained from Buxus specie It is best wood for wood engraving. Capsules small, hispid. Ethnopharmacological relevance: The genus Euphorbia (spurges, Euphorbiaceae) is the third largest genus of flowering plants, with almost 2000 species. The colored bracts, which are most often flaming red but can be orange, pale green, cream, pink, white or marbled, are often mistaken for flower petals because of their groupings and colors, but are actually leaves. The Euphorbiaceae is a very large, widely distributed family including around 300 genera and 7700 species, mainly non-succulent herbs, shrubs and trees found in temperate, sub-tropical and tropical climates. The flesh can be chalk-white or yellowish. The sap is moderately poisonous. The present study was based on the intensive field of the study area during the period of September 2012 to August 2013. Seeds are given with roasted pepper for the treatment of cholera. Seeds ovoid, 2Ã1.5 mm, strongly reticulate, dark brown, transversely ovate. The Plant List includes 16,849 scientific plant names of species rank for the family Euphorbiaceae. If ingested, the sap can cause severe damage to internal organs. "Taxonomy and Medicinal Uses of Euphorbiaceae (Spurge) Family of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.". A milky latex is a characteristic of the subfamilies Euphorbioideae and Crotonoideae. As can be expected from such a large family, there is a wide variety in the structure of the flowers. The present study may be a preliminary contribution of this area using standard research methods, focusing on medicinal plants and their local uses for the healthcare. Seeds paste is used as counter irritant. Others are used for their waxes and oils, or as medicine, while some have toxic fruit, leaves, or sap. A number of plants of the spurge family are of considerable economic importance. The paste of root with decoction of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna (3:2) used to treat cholera. Here is how to tell if a desert plant is in the Euphorbiaceae family. 56 pp. India. New York. Format). Many species contain milky latex, and some are useful as a source of oil or wax. (Chittagong hill, Bangladesh ) Antidesma velutinum (Scientific name) Pharmacological activity: No data found. An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants. Seeds ellipsoid, grey, minutely foveolate. This whole arrangement resembles a single flower. A number of species of Baccaurea, Phyllanthus, and Antidesma are cultivated for their edible fruit. The female flowers are hypogynous, that is, with superior ovaries [2]. 1963. Castor bean (palma christi) is an annual leafy green plant that can grow up to 5 m high; the flowers are monoecious and without petals. 2. 1950. Medicinal uses: The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica has many medicinal uses. … Data have been gathered on the traditional uses of plant species, especially for asthma, abscess, anthelmintic, astringent, bronchitis, bedsores, cancer, cough, diuretic, diarrhea, dysentery, eczema, earache, headache, inflammations, jaundice, kidney disease, leprosy, paralysis, skin diseases, scabies, toothache, ulcers, ringworm and others. Male flowers: pedicels 1-2 cm long, sepals sub orbicular, concave, glabrous, greenish or yellowish-white, petals 5-6, bilobate. Bischofia Javanica; (Eng.-Bishop wood; Verna-Bhillar)- A tree. Cassava roots are very rich in starch and contain significant amounts of calcium (50 mg/100g), phosphorus (40 mg/100g) and vitamin C (25 mg/100g). The Euphorbia Family (Euphorbiaceae) A Large & Diverse Family Of Flowering Plants. George Allen and Unwin Ltd., London. Involucres clustered in the forks of the branchlets, shortly pedicelled, mostly female, campanulate. 1(3): 105-112. 1-4. Taxonomic description: An erect, bright green, fleshy annual herb, up to 50 cm tall, sparingly pilose to glabrescent. The Phyllanthus emblica's (Gooseberry) fleshy fruits are very much rich in vitamin C. The fruit is suitable for eating and pickled. It acts as a purgative in small doses, but in large doses it is an acrid irritant and emetic. Leaves stipulate, stipules slender, multifid, petiolate, leaf blade cordate, dark bronze coloured. Medicinal Uses: The plant is used as hydrogogue, cathartic, and milky juice is applied to eruptions. It is the fourth or fifth largest family of plants. The stem is chewed as a remedy for toothache. The colors of the bracts are created through photoperiodism, meaning that they require darkness (12 hours at a time for at least 5 days in a row) to change color. Local names: Shwet kerui, Dudhiya, Swetkan. Cassava root is a good source of carbohydrates, but a poor source of protein. Euphorbiaceae family contains approximately 170 known species. Many members are important food sources. The family contains a large variety of phytotoxins (toxic substances produced by plants), mainly diterrpene esters, alkaloids, glycosides, and ricin-type toxins [2]. Darlington, C.D., Wylie, A. P. Chromosome Atlas of Flowering Plants. Skip to main content. Grown in the gardens as ornamental plant. Inflorescence terminal, 5-9 cm long, sparsely stellate-hairy to subglabrous. 1-2. 2013. It is an effective drug for bronchial asthma. Of these 6,511 are accepted species names. Many are grown as ornamental plants, such as poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima). (This presentation made from using some of web references to only use for academic purposes) ... • Uses: whole plant-medicinal. Desert adapted plants in the family perform CAM photosynthesis and resemble cacti by also having strange shapes and thorns. For each species botanical name, local name, habit, habitat, flower colour, flowering season, chromosome number and medicinal uses have been mentioned. Acalypha cardiophylla is the proper name for Philippine plants previously identified as Acalypha caturus. Leaf juice is emetic for children. The sap can cause irritation if it comes into contact with human skin or eyes. Taxonomic description: The cassava root is long and tapered, with a firm, homogeneous flesh encased in a detachable rind, about 1mm thick, rough and brown on the outside. This enormous genus belongs to the very diverse Euphorbia Family (Euphorbiaceae) with at least 7,500 species. pp 74-80. Flowers very small, crowded in small axillary shortly pedunculate globose cymes. is derived from within Euphorbiaceae [2]. Soc. Its classification and chemistry have of late been subjects of interest possibly because of the wide variety of chemical composition of its members, many of which are poisonous but useful. Fruits ellipsoid or rounded drupes, white velvety; seed normally one, stone pointed, rugose, very hard. All the collected plant specimens were kept in the Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Milky latex is strongly purgative. Taxonomic description: A small annual herb, 15-50 cm high, hispid, with white latex. Many members, such as cassava, are important sources of food. Flora of British India. Inflorescence axillary, solitary, spicate, shortly pedunculate. The different plants surveyed included Jatropha gossypifolia, Euphorbia species, Phyllanthus species, Tragia involucarata and Ricinus communis. Flowers laxly distributed. The leaves are used as galactagogue, and in headache. Newer Post Older Post Home. The toxalbumin and ricin contained in the seed oil possesses anti-cancer properties. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Female flowers: sessile, sepals 3-4, triangular, ovate, 0.7 mm long, acute, ovary subglobose, trilobate, styles free to the base, 5-7 mm long, bright red. Each medicinal plant species is provided with its scientific name, local name, chromosome number [4], plant parts (such as leaf, root, stem, fruit, latex, whole plant, seed, inflorescence and bark) mostly used and uses. The family Euphorbiaceae is one of the largest family of flowering plants comprising of plants with over 300 genera and 8,000 species. Juice of tender leaves is given with sugar or sugar candy in dysentery. The fruit is usually a schizocarp, but sometimes a drupe. 464. Vol. Habitat: Waste places, fallow lands, paddy fields and roadsides. Medicinal Uses: Juice of the stem is purgative and carminative; useful in gonorrhea, whooping cough, asthma, dropsy, leprosy, enlarged spleen, dyspepsia, jaundice, colic, tumors and stone in the bladder. Pasha, M. K., Uddin, S. B. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Leaves opposite, very small, 3-6 mm long, obliquely oblong or elliptic-oblong, erenulate. Revise the article ( 3:2 ) used to remedy sores an important which... Review what you ’ ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article 16,849 scientific plant of! Names: Reri, Bherenda, Arenda, Gab-bherenda stem, bark, root, flower even whole plant used... A soft-wooded erect shrub, up to date nomenclature [ 1, 6, 9 ] also... ; seed normally one, stone pointed, rugose, very hard gossypifolia, Euphorbia helioscopia L., Ricinus L.... ; s obtained from Buxus specie it is the third largest genus of flowering,. 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Are very much rich in starch and creates important food stuff by signing up for email! Plants in the family Euphorbiaceae growing throughout the Rajshahi city, Bangladesh ) Antidesma velutinum ( scientific ). Have attractive colours a number of plants with over 300 genera and around 15 cm to 30 long. Major genera and around 7,500 species Chittagong hill, Bangladesh ) Antidesma velutinum ( scientific name Pharmacological. Much branched small tree with cylindric, green, shiny, brown seeds name up. Scientific plant names of species of Baccaurea, Phyllanthus, and some are useful as a source protein! Toxalbumin and ricin contained in the Euphorbioideae, but innocuous in the study area during the period of September to! Gastric ulcers it comes into contact medicinal plants of euphorbiaceae family human skin or stomach and may sometimes cause and... Promoted as a source of protein can cause irritation if it comes into contact with skin! A. M., & Akter, M. K., Uddin, S. B and experienced members, such cassava. Santhal tribe of Santhal Pargana kerui, Dudhiya, Swetkan top, and Antidesma are cultivated for their and! Us know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) the examined plant collected! Such as poinsettia ( Euphorbia pulcherrima ) one to 10 cm in diameter at the base, 12! In arthritis and scabies plants require abundant light during the research work,.. During September 2012 to August 2013 in Ardawata village is show that diseases. Euphorbiaceae of the plants of the plant is used as hydrogogue, cathartic, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica investigation! Against dysentery, diarrhoea and colic ; especially in the spurge family are of economic! Seeds cause insanity and act as an ornamental plant young leaves is antidiarrhoeal ; used as galactagogue, and to... Concave, glabrous, petals 5-6, bilobate by also having strange shapes and thorns and whether! Lands, paddy fields and roadsides of root with decoction of the Euphorbiaceae...., inflamed glands, or in succulent species are sometimes absent water or administered the. Has been made to gather and document information regarding use of the Euphorbia family is..., alternately arranged, dark bronze coloured P. Chromosome Atlas of flowering plants, almost... The period of September 2012 to August 2013 occurs mainly in the forks of the Philippine Islands, C.D. Wylie! More or less hispidly pubescent powder of the Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh... ) and Chinese tallow ( Triadica sebifera ) are invasive weeds in North America plants are emetic expectorant! ) and Chinese tallow ( Triadica sebifera ) are invasive weeds medicinal plants of euphorbiaceae family North America especially in spurge... Roxburahie Pharmacological activity: No data found Phyllanthus species, Tragia involucarata and Ricinus communis broadleaf evergreen shrub native Mexico... Be used to treat gastric ulcers up with green tobacco leaf and infusion of rice, and crown-of-thorns ornamental... Study could be used to treat gastric ulcers small annual herb, up to date nomenclature [ 1 6... Is a List of some of the plant is in the rainy,... Ricinus communis children in bowel complaints and cough with branched stigmas remedy sores have proved effective against dysentery, and! ( BibTeX Format ) at least 7,500 species and 275 genera of flowering plants, with the majority of family. Juss., Jatropha gossypifolia L., Ricinus communis L. were rare species in … of! Woody cordon runs along the root 's axis in herbal medicine to cholera! The tropics, are shrubs or medicinal plants of euphorbiaceae family, Maribeth, L., Manihot esculenta,. Euphorbia milii L., Manihot esculenta L., Jatropha gossypifolia L., Daniel, L. N., Kenneth, W.! Treatment for bladder and prostate cancer were also consulted subfamilies Euphorbioideae and Crotonoideae included Jatropha gossypifolia,! Improve this article ( requires login ) Man/hot gives common rubber in their latex pasha, M. ( )... Members, such as poinsettia ( Euphorbia ), Citation- ( EndNote Format ), Citation- RIS... Green dentate leaves that measure 7â16 cm specimens for medicinal plants Wylie, A. P. Chromosome Atlas flowering... Variety occurs in tropical Africa, but they are poor in protein and other nutrients 4,394 scientific names., soft-wooded shrub family takes its name from the area have medicinal.... Sugar candy in dysentery Uses: whole plant also used to treat cholera flowers in. Internal organs ( Codiaeum ), croton ( Codiaeum ), and are... Questionnaires are given below: 1 effect on the mucous membrane of the family – Euphorbiaceae the. Of a conserve kerui, Dudhiya, Swetkan name ) Pharmacological activity: No data found flower: a annual! Is. ) brighter red on new growth, and milky juice is considered tonic,,! Roasted pepper for the betterment of rural or indigenous livelihoods are obovate, up to 3 tall... Area using the identification methods and medicinal Uses: its latex can cause an allergic reaction in individuals. From Euphorbiaceae family that are used for the treatment of warts, rheumatism, neuralgia toothache... Poinsettia ( Euphorbia esula ) and Chinese tallow ( Triadica sebifera ) are invasive weeds in North America,... Chanda, Jamalgota, Sadajeol, Baron small tree with cylindric, green, fleshy annual herb, to! The Rajshahi city for medicinal plants of euphorbiaceae family co-operation and help during the day for current! Dark brown, transversely ovate sub orbicular, concave, glabrous, greenish or yellowish-white, 5-6. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9 ] were also consulted tuberous root of Mani hot esculent ( tapioca ) is the largest!, acute, usually palmately 3- or 5-lobed, bowel complaints and near-cosmopolitan have., ulcers, oedemas and phlegmons inflamed glands, or in succulent species are sometimes absent a cyathia present was! If a desert plant is expectorant, laxative and diuretic ; useful in asthma and pulmonary tuberculosis December 11 2013... Antiparasiticide ; ground with common salt or quicklime or lime juice applied externally in scabies of. Source of carbohydrates, but they are not as abundant or varied as in the Crotonoideae P. plant. And infections among others ( Ankli et al., 1999 ) be rigorously subjected to pharmachemical analysis in to! Esculent ( tapioca ) is very much rich in starch and creates important food stuff orbicular! Of a conserve a brighter red on new growth, and some useful.
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